| Parenthetical | Narrative | |
| One author | (Luna, 2020) | Luna (2020) |
| Two authors | (Salas & D'Agostino 2016) | Salas and D'Agostino (2016) |
|
Three or more authors |
(Martin et al., 2020) |
Martin et al. (2020) |
| Group Author with abbreviation |
(American Psychological Association [APA], 2020) first citation (APA, 2020) subsequent citations |
American Psychological Association (APA, 2020) first citation APA (2020) subsequent citations |
| Citation with page numbers | (Soto, 2018, p. 598). |
"In 2018, Soto argued that.... (p.598). OR Soto (2018) argued that... (p. 598). |
| With paragraph number or section name (used for sources w/o pagination) |
(Chamberlin, 2014, para.1) (Gecht-Silver & Duncombe, 2015, Osteoarthritis section). |
Gecht-Silver & Duncombe (2019) argued “…” (Osteoarthritis section, para.4). |
| Works with the same author and date |
(Judge & Kammeyer-Mueller, 2012a) |
Judge and Kammeyer-Mueller (2012b) |
| With same author and no date, same sentence | (Sifuentes, n.d.-a, n.d.-b) | Sifuentes (n.d. -a, n.d.-b) |
| same author, different years | (Department of Veterans Affairs, n.d., 2017a, 2017b, 2019) |
All examples adapted from the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, by the American Psychological Association, 2020, (https://doi.org/10.1037/0000165-000). Copyright 2020 by the American Psychological Association.
Journal Article with an Article Number:
Jerrentrup, A., Mueller, T., Glowalla, U., Herder, M., Henrichs, N., Neubauer, A., & Schaefer, J. R. (2018). Teaching medicine with the help of “Dr. House.” PLoS ONE, 13(3), Article e0193972. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193972
Whole Edited Book:
Hygum, E., & Pedersen, P. M. (Eds.). (2010). Early childhood education: Values and practices in Denmark. Hans Reitzels Forlag. https://earlychildhoodeducation.digi.hansreitzel.dk/
Kesharwani, P. (Ed.). (2020). Nanotechnology based approaches for tuberculosis treatment. Academic Press.
Torino, G. C., Rivera, D. P., Capodilupo, C. M., Nadal, K. L., & Sue, D. W. (Eds.). (2019). Microaggression theory: Influence and implications. John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119466642
Chapter in an Edited Book:
Aron, L., Botella, M., & Lubart, T. (2019). Culinary arts: Talent and their development. In R. F. Subotnik, P. Olszewski-Kubilius, & F. C. Worrell (Eds.), The psychology of high performance: Developing human potential into domain-specific talent (pp. 345–359). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000120-016
Dillard, J. P. (2020). Currents in the study of persuasion. In M. B. Oliver, A. A. Raney, & J. Bryant (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (4th ed., pp. 115–129). Routledge.
Thestrup, K. (2010). To transform, to communicate, to play—The experimenting community in action. In E. Hygum & P. M. Pedersen (Eds.), Early childhood education: Values and practices in Denmark. Hans Reitzels Forlag. https://earlychildhoodeducation.digi.hansreitzel.dk/?id=192
Report by a Government Agency:
National Cancer Institute. (2019). Taking time: Support for people with cancer (NIH Publication No. 18-2059). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. https://www.cancer.gov/publications/patient-education/takingtime.pdf
Webpage on a Website with a Government Agency Group Author:
National Institute of Mental Health. (2018, July). Anxiety disorders. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/anxiety-disorders/index.shtml
Webpage on a Website with an Organizational Group Author:
World Health Organization. (2018, May 24). The top 10 causes of death. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/the-top-10-causes-of-death
YouTube:
Asian Boss. (2020, June 5). World’s leading vaccine expert fact-checks COVID-19 vaccine conspiracy: Stay curious #22 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WQdLDMLrYIA
Harvard University. (2019, August 28). Soft robotic gripper for jellyfish [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=guRoWTYfxMs
Please note that your references should have a hanging indent (all lines after the first indented). All Reference Examples can be found here: https://apastyle.apa.org/